Logical Fallacies Essay Example for Free

Legitimate Fallacies Essay Coming up next is a case of the said contention taken from the site, www.fallacyfiles.com: [Joe McCarthy] reported that he had infiltrated Trumans iron blind of mystery and that he proposed forthwith to introduce 81 cases†¦ Cases of precisely what? I am just giving the Senate, he stated, cases in which it is clear there is a positive Communist connection†¦persons whom I consider to be Communists in the State Department. †¦ Of Case 40, he stated, I don't have a lot of data on this aside from the general articulation of the agency†¦that there is nothing in the documents to invalidate his Communist associations. Investigation: The false notion exists in the presumption that the weight of the proof is to demonstrate that Truman’s socialist associations are false when it was never settled to be valid in any case. This sort of mistake of rationale is submitted when the absence of proof is utilized to refute something and this is on the grounds that the absence of proof isn't proof in itself. One’s obliviousness or absence of information can't be utilized to demonstrate or refute something. 2.â â â â â â â â Begging the inquiry This paradox, otherwise called â€Å"circular reasoning†, happens when a reason is utilized as the determination or when a case that is yet to be set up or demonstrated happens as the end. The misrepresentation is outlined in following model taken from the book, The Abortion Controversy by Helen Alvare: To give premature birth a role as an exclusively private good question,†¦is to put some distance between presence of mind: How people treat each other is basically the meaning of an open good issue. Obviously, there are numerous private parts of human relations, yet the inquiry whether one individual ought to be permitted lethally to hurt another isn't one of them. Fetus removal is an unpreventably open issue. Examination: This author sees more than one purpose of defective thinking in the given model. Initially, there is the suspicion that the possibility of ethical quality is reliant on whether the current issue ought to be viewed as an open or private issue. Second, there has been no endeavor to clarify what qualifies as â€Å"the private parts of human relations† and it essentially repudiates the given meaning of an open good issue which is â€Å"how people treat one another.† To state that something is for all intents and purposes the meaning of something different doesn't demonstrate that it is. Thirdly, the suggestion that likens premature birth to permitting â€Å"humans to lethally hurt another† is nevertheless another presumption and doesn't demonstrate the end, since that premise itself needs evidence. 3.â â â â â â â â Common conviction This false notion happens when individuals pivot reality of a case or suggestion on what is accepted by numerous or prevalent thinking. Mainstream thinking is basically measurements. The pervasiveness of a feeling doesn't represent reality of a case. For instance in light of the fact that numerous individuals accept there is a God or on the grounds that specific societies accept that diseases are brought about by awful spirits doesn't make the two cases valid. Reality of a case can't be demonstrated by sheer ubiquity. 4.â â â â â â â â Division This mistake in rationale happens when the attributes of the parts are thought to be valid for the entirety. Take for instance the accompanying proclamations from the site www.fallacyfiles.com: 1. The universe has existed for fifteen billion years.  â â The universe is made out of particles.  â â Therefore, every one of the atoms known to mankind has existed for fifteen billion years. Examination: While the facts may prove that specific qualities can apply to both the parts and the entire, this isn't an essential fact of the matter. In the model given, in spite of the fact that it is conceivable that age (for example fifteen billion years) might be a common trademark, it isn't the situation for the model given in light of the fact that in spite of the fact that the universe has been in truth been in presence for fifteen billion years, not the entirety of its atoms has been existing from that point forward. Rundown of references: Engel M. With Good Reason: An Introduction to Informal Fallacies (Fifth Edition). St. Martins, 1994 Krabbe, E. Request to Ignorance, in Fallacies: Classical and Contemporary Reading. USA: Penn State Press, 1995 Rovere R. Prologue to Logic (Fourth Edition). USA: 1960. Walton, D. The Essential Ingredients of the Fallacy of Begging the Question, Fallacies: Classical and Contemporary Readings. USA: Penn State Press, 1995.

Oil Subsides impact on a government budget in Indonesia Iran and Essay

Oil Subsides sway on an administration financial plan in Indonesia Iran and Venezuela - Essay Example It is significant that endowments on fuel utilization have basic macroeconomic outcomes and that numerous appropriations neglect to fill their need in this way causing unreasonable turn of events. This paper endeavors to examine oil subsides’ sway on an administration spending plan in Indonesia Iran and Venezuela. Comprehensively, all administrations are significantly worried about their vitality segments on account of the key job vitality plays in the financial turn of events. Vitality utilization calls for open intercessions, for example, utilization of direct awards and a wide range of tax reduction that are covered up in broad daylight and financial structures (Gavish and Gavish, 2012). 66% of all appropriations stream to petroleum products where sponsorships to vitality creation are normal in industrialized nations while backing to vitality utilization rule creating nations (Davis, 2013). Various classifications of endowments have various effects that incorporate low vitality costs that improve abuse and waste while undervaluing harms vitality makers. Then again, maker sponsorships advance overproduction described by assurance and amount guidelines that trigger further mutilations in the nearby economy. Basis to finance vitality has consistently been to animate financial development yet the idea changed after the oil emergencies in 1970s. The development rationale was not, at this point considered significant in light of the fact that legislatures figured it important to protect local vitality flexibly while creating nations financed vitality utilization to fuel financial development. As per Davis (2013), vitality sponsorships are accepted to deflect potential obstructions to development in spite of the fact that this idea has been demonstrated ineffectual particularly in animating financial development. As indicated by Gavish and Gavish (2012), there are contemplates that show that vitality sponsorships hamper monetary development and accordingly disposing of them (appropriations) may give motivating forces to a progressively effective asset portion and prod financial development. In addition, vitality appropriations

An argument in support of using abortion in extreme cases Essay Example for Free

A contention on the side of utilizing premature birth in outrageous cases Essay Across America, the subject of premature birth is as yet something that is viewed as no-no to talk about. Indeed, even in today’s society where it is all the more normally raised, the disgrace encompassing the clinical method has not left. There’s a break between the individuals who are ace life and master decision, and each gathering has their own thinking why or why not fetus removal ought to or ought not be condemned. The discussion about premature birth is for the most part established in the master life bunch accepting that a baby has indistinguishable rights from a conceived kid and the mother. This stems into our legislature also, where we have steadfast republicans and democrats contending to and fro over premature birth. This additionally incorporates individuals who are staggeringly strict and accept that it would conflict with God’s wishes, as people are made in his picture. The individuals who are ace decision accept protected, legitimate premature births are a privilege and ought to be a promptly accessible choice to any lady who decides to have one, regardless of the situation. Premature birth should be an alternative and that it ought to be a woman’s right whether to get one, and that she ought to be the just one to settle on that choice, not the legislature. There are numerous reasons why premature births ought to be a choice, and a portion of those reasons are that they would assist end with amazing and undesirable pregnancy, end pregnancy that was brought about by assault or inbreeding, and help ladies who are not in a spot to have the option to he lp a kid monetarily or something else. Fetus removal should be a suitable alternative for ladies without agonizing over government inclusion, on the state or bureaucratic level, or the social disgrace encompassing the system. Fetus removal can assist end with astounding pregnancy securely without going to extraordinary, hazardous lengths. In light of a study, the percent of ladies who got a fetus removal because of unintended pregnancy in 2008 was unfathomably low, at under 5% (Finer, et al. 89). The individuals who contend While having intercourse, there’s no assurance that security will be viable, as condoms can break and anti-conception medication doesn't vow to work 100% at that point. While the normal break pace of condoms while being utilized in a relationship is an insignificant 7.4% (Althaus 191), there is as yet that approaching danger of it fizzling. Then again, anti-conception medication pills are generally 91% powerful, with only a 9% pace of disappointment (plannedparenthood.org). On account of both of these contraceptives not working, the danger of pregnancy is high. At the point when individuals use contraceptives, they are regularly attempting to abstain from getting pregnant no mat ter what, and when the techniques for counteraction fall flat and one gets pregnant, it is conflicting with their general arrangement. Particularly when contemplating youngsters or youthful grown-ups, this can cause an issue with their future and objectives. In 2014, 249,078 infants were destined to ladies between the ages of 15 and 19 (CDC), and keeping in mind that the number is down contrasted with earlier years, it’s imperative to recognize that high school pregnancy is as yet an issue around America. While some would contend that an impromptu pregnancy is a supernatural occurrence, it ought to be surrendered over to the lady who is pregnant on the off chance that she needs to keep the child or not. For the situation that she doesn’t, she ought to have the option to go to Planned Parenthood or another specialist to help her with a premature birth with no stress over doing it wrongfully. The individuals who contend that they don’t need their expense dollars g oing towards premature birth don’t truly have anything to stress over. While Planned Parenthood gets around $500 million out in the open subsidizing, none of it can lawfully go towards financing premature births (Kliff). This is the reason Planned Parenthood and the possibility of safe premature births are such a pivotal component of the ace decision development. In the territory of Florida, wellbeing plans can't take care of fetus removal costs, so if a lady needed to get one, she would need to buy a rider at an extra expense (Jerman, et al). While premature births are not secured by wellbeing plans, Viagra is and that adds to the widespread sexism that torment the United States. In the most outrageous cases, ladies who are assaulted or constrained into a depraved relationship ought to have an alternative to end the pregnancy. Regardless of whether a lady doesn't get assaulted and just encounters an impromptu pregnancy, she ought to have power over her body independence (Cohen). Star lifers will in general swear off giving the mother any kind of significant worth with respect to her inclinations and reasons why she would surrender her hatchling. They give the fetus’ rights priority over the mother’s (Cohen). On the off chance that a lady gets assaulted and it brings about an undesirable pregnancy, she ought not be compelled to convey the child to full term. Some may contend that she should conceive an offspring and afterward simply put the kid up for appropriation, yet in a general public where such a significant number of youngsters are as of now part of the selection framework, that would not be the best thought. Likewise, making a lady convey a child that is her rapists’ is unscrupulous and impeding to the woman’s mental, and potentially physical, wellbeing. Depraved connections are not as normal as assault, yet should in any case be viewed as while examining safe premature births. Odds are, a lady in a forbidden kind of relationship would have been assaulted, which integrates with how deceptive it is have her bring forth the infant. Not exclusively is there the danger of organic imperfections, yet the lady would bear amazing measures of pressure. Constraining a lady to convey a child after she was assaulted, either by a more peculiar or a relative, is torment. The lady would experience her pregnancy remembering the assault over and over, recalling the appalling occasion which would make extraordinary enthusiastic injury. A few ladies simply are not fit for supporting a youngster at the time they become pregnant, regardless of whether it’s incidental or deliberate. Various components can add to why a lady can't bolster a kid, including nature they are in. More than one of every seven ladies are living in neediness in America (NWLC), and if a lady can't appropriately bolster herself, she can't accommodate a youngster. On the off chance that a young lady is living in an injurious family unit, it is outlandish to bring a kid into such a situation. On the off chance that it’s a risky spot for a lady, it would be unsatisfactory for a youngster, not to mention an infant. While nature is a contributing component to why a lady can't bolster a youngster, cash is a main motivation behind why too. A lady is monetarily flimsy and can scarcely bolster herself, and she gets pregnant. In the event that she can’t bolster herself, she won't have the option to accommodate a youngster. In spite of t here being a demonstration that was passed to secure manhandled ladies, the Violence Against Women Act (Kandaswamy), it, sadly, doesn’t shut down residential maltreatment the nation over. It does, be that as it may, give more sanctuaries and administrations to ensure ladies, which gives them another alternative beside fetus removal on the off chance that they aren’t alright with accepting one. While some would recommend putting the kid up for selection in this situation too, most ladies would not have any desire to experience the way toward conveying a kid and paying for doctors’ arrangements if they’re not going to keep the kid at long last. The selection and child care framework in America has more than 400,000 youngsters in it (Argys, et al), and keeping in mind that a few kids get embraced rapidly or even rejoined with organic guardians, numerous kids are stuck in a ceaseless pattern of non-permanent families. Selection, while a smart thought to a few , could be adverse to the kid over the long haul. On the off chance that cash is as of now an issue, the expense of being pregnant would negatively affect the young lady all through the nine months. Fetus removal should be a sheltered alternative for ladies, regardless of the condition of their pregnancy. By the administration engaging in a woman’s choice to get a fetus removal, or others fighting to attempt to get Roe versus Swim upset, it presents an issue of whether ladies reserve the privilege to do what they need with their bodies. In 2010, hostile to fetus removal activists moved their talk from the government to state governments to drive limitations with respect to premature birth (Hopkins Tanne), despite the fact that 22 out of 50 states had some type of limitations on the methodology. Most premature births that are performed are done inside the primary trimester, however there are measurements that say that regarding 13% of premature births in the United States are finished during the subsequent trimester (Boland). Strangely, Florida fetus removal laws starting at 2017 are more prohibitive than numerous different states (Jerman, et al). Ladies can just get prema ture births 24 weeks after their last period, and still, at the end of the day, they may just decide to get a fetus removal is their life is in harm's way (Jerman, et al). A woman’s life ought not need to be imperiled before the alternative of fetus removal is introduced to her. The individuals who accept that is dishonest and murder should consider repercussions of constraining a lady to convey an infant they don't need. Genius life associations trust it isn't ethically option to prematurely end a child, yet by making a lady do a pregnancy without wanting to is simply brutal, and by definition, untrustworthy. Giving alternatives to safe premature births for ladies ought to be remembered for medicinal services in all states, and lamentably, that’s not how it is. Utilizing medicinal services to back up why fetus removal ought to be managed better in America is a well known contention, and is by all accounts the base of contentions on the two sides of the subject. While more individuals are coming around to be tolerating of premature birth, there are still gatherings of individuals energetically against it for some explanation. A famous explanation behind contradicting the strategy depends on strict convictions and backing of a customary family (Johnson, et al. 40). Regardless of professing to be strict and on the side of all life, their thoughts miss the mark when they contradict premature birth, as they could be conceivably putting another human life in danger by needing to deny access to fetus removal. A decent

Georgetowns Literary Approach To Teaching Entrepreneurship

Georgetowns Literary Approach To Teaching Entrepreneurship by: Nathan Allen on July 20, 2017 | 0 Comments Comments 1,295 Views July 20, 2017A collage of book covers written by Georgetown University McDonough School of Business students. Photo courtesy of Georgetown University McDonough School of BusinessLast summer, Eric Koester was at the end of his rope. An  adjunct professor of entrepreneurship at Georgetown’s McDonough School of Business, Koester scheduled a meeting with Jeff Reid, head of the Georgetown Entrepreneurship Initiative, that he planned to quit after the semester. Koester, widely considered a serial entrepreneur, has built a career around building businesses—either his own or others. After teaching for three years, hed grown weary of making little headway with students.â€Å"I did, frankly, get disillusioned a little bit,† Koester concedes on a phone call with PoetsQuants. After all, Koester explains, he didn’t feel like he was makin g a difference. The data, he says, backed up his feelings. Out of the 300 or so students to go through his courses during a year, only about one or two were actually starting companies, Koester explains.After listening to Koesters laments, his good friend and fellow entrepreneur, Shane Mac, gave him some timely and unexpected advice.â€Å"Push the limits then,† Mac advised Koester in a text message. â€Å"Do something crazy with your last semester. What could you do that would change a student’s whole career trajectory?†ONE SEMESTER-LONG COURSE, ONE BOOK WRITTEN BY EACH STUDENTFurther discussion led to an answer. Koester would have his students—mainly juniors at the McDonough School—write a book by the end of the semester. â€Å"We had no idea if it was possible to do,† Koester admits. He and Mac had each published a book in their 20’s. But most of the students were in their very early 20’s. And they had a span of a few months to write their books. So they lowered their expectations, figuring if one student completed a book and entertained the thought of publishing it, the course would be a success.â€Å"That was my expectation,† Koester confirms.Turns out, 16 of the 40 students in the course published books. Koester stuck around for the spring semester and the results were even better. 19 of 23 students published books, which are now available on Amazon. The books boasted a variety of topics, including how-to guides for women breaking into the outdoor industry; making it in hip-hop; and earning at least 20% in tips for waitresses and waiters.‘I ALSO REALLY DIDN’T WANT EVERYONE TO GO TO THE DEAN †¦ AND SAY, THIS GUY’S A LOONY’But it definitely did not go off without hitches. The first came during the very first class last fall, which Koester admits was nerve-wracking and frightening.â€Å"As much as I wanted to do something crazy,† Koester says, â€Å"I also really didn’t want everyone to go to the dean and say that they were dropping the class and say, ‘this guy’s a loony.’†Spoiler: no one dropped. But it was definitely considered. Koester would later find out Shiv Jhangiani—one of the first students to have his book published—planned to drop out as soon as Koester announced the semester’s plan. â€Å"He said, ‘I pulled out my phone to see when the drop date was,’† Koester laughs.Jhangiani wasn’t alone.â€Å"There was a lot of buzz right outside the classroom that day,† recalls Will McDonald, another to publish a book after the first offering of the course. It wasn’t good buzz, he adds.EARLY HESITATION AND FRUSTRATIONMcDonald had friends take the same course in earlier semesters and says he had an idea of what to expect. â€Å"I didn’t totally know what to think of it at first,† McDonald recalls feeling when Koester made the ann ouncement. â€Å"Some of my friends came out and immediately thought about dropping the class.†Jaclyn Digregorio could sympathize. While dropping the class was never the plan, she pretty much wrote it off as to helping her actually launch a business.â€Å"I was frustrated and confused,† she admits—and rightfully so. Digregorio wanted to use the course to launch a business idea she’d been cultivating for at least a year. She was set on starting a business her senior year. And this course was supposed to play a big role in that path. â€Å"I was hoping the class would be a way to make that transition,† Digregorio says. â€Å"When I heard we were writing a book, I didn’t see the connection at all.†But Digregorio was also admittedly intrigued—and inspired by the challenge. Her sentiments were the same throughout the class. But instead of a mass exodus, Koester says the class doubled in size from the first week to the second.â€Å" Students are wildly in love with it,† Koester says of the course. â€Å"I have an over-subscribed class for this fall already. But I still think there is this generic question of how does it fit into the pedagogy of the university.†HOW DOES IT FIT IN A TRADITIONAL UNIVERSITY LEARNING ENVIRONMENT?It’s a good question. On the one hand, it’s a novel way to teaching any sort of college course—especially an entrepreneurship course. On the other, it is, at-worst, an uncouth way of teaching a course. Koester says he’s not totally convinced if he proposed the class in a traditional setting it would have been approved. After presenting the course at an academic entrepreneurship conference last January, Koester says he was approached by many colleagues at other universities with the same rhetoric: they loved the idea, but would never get it approved at their respective universities.It definitely doesn’t fit within the traditional confines and in ner-workings of an American university. To be sure, Koester being an adjunct professor who didnt hold a Ph.D., doesn’t help. â€Å"I’m this outsider bringing in this new thing that is different,† Koester admits, noting his wife is a tenured-track academic. â€Å"I think there still is this element of Eric’s a loony, to be totally honest.† Page 1 of 212 »

Health and Wealth Event - 1619 Words

Finance is important to a business, without it, an organisation would not be able to run effectively, eventually leading the organisation to fail. The are many reasons why Finance is important to an organisation and many factors in can be used for, i.e. investing and purchasing fixed assets like land and building, necessary equipment and expanding the business. Organisations that have a solid finance available to their business are able implement changes that want, which could help to bring in more money to the organisation and allowing them to last and survive. There are two types of finances, external sources or internal sources. Sources of Finance: External sources of finance are available sources of income that have come from†¦show more content†¦Debentures holder has to paid interest regularly. They also get preference of being paid first in case of wind-up of the company. 3. Public Deposits Public also like to deposit their savings with a popular and well-established company which can pay interest periodically and payback the deposit when due. 4. Retained earnings The company may not distribute the whole of its profits among its shareholders. It may retain a part of the profits and utilize it as capital. The company may use its retailed earning as long-term investment i.e. expanding business, purchasing machinery, etc. 5. Term loans from banks As with short-term finance, banks are an important source of longer-term finance. Many industrial development banks, cooperative banks and commercial banks grant medium term loans for a period of three to five years. For businesses, using bank loans might be relatively easy but the cost of servicing the loan (paying the money and interest back) can be high. If interest rates rise then it can add to a businesses cost. Advantages: †¢ You get regular income and fixed dividend coming in even if the company is making profit or not. †¢ With this share, you do not have any interference in the management. †¢ There is Flexible Capital structure in this share. Disadvantage: †¢ In these shares, you are not eligible for extra dividend even if the Company make high profit. †¢ At the time of liquidation, noShow MoreRelatedThe New Eldercare Service Model Must Be One Of Inclusion1293 Words   |  6 Pages Chapter Health Disparities in America The new eldercare service model must be one of inclusion. We can no longer afford to marginalize any group of seniors. –Author Introduction I n the United States, wealth is the strongest determinant of health; and the strength of this relationship is profound and continues to increase. Wealth confers many benefits that are associated with health and quality of life outcomes. Wealth creates disparities in high quality education, employment, housing, childcareRead MoreEffects Of Divorce On Children s Socio Economic Success Essay1704 Words   |  7 Pagesgeneration. There is a dimension of literature that claims that children raised by lone parents generally perform relatively poorer than those brought up in two-parent set ups (Jeffrey 102-103). Divorce should be viewed as a series of events and not as a single event. It involves a confluence of factors and processes that occur during and after the divorce. This essay asserts that divorce has negative effects on Children s Socio-economic success. Divorce affects education in quantifiable termsRead MoreEnvironmental Factors911 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental factors impact health across life-course. Neighborhood and housing conditions influence health and well-being (Mier et al., 2017). Communities with higher social capital are stronger economically, because businesses are likely to be in abundance, and thriving, as people have easy access to them (Putnam, 2000). The literature suggest that neighborhood characteristics, such as SES, social cohesion, and ethnic segregation of neighborhoods significantly predict children’s health outcomes (Acevedo-GarciaRead MoreEconomic Growth And Its Effect On Society1737 Words   |  7 Pagesalmost completely stagnant, and there was no such thing as economic growth to the general public. This all changed when two different events occurred that greatly impacted the course of history. The first of these being the British industrial revolution in 1750, and then the more prominent American industrial revolution in 1870. Acting like a catalyst, these two events created a boom of economic growth unlike anything the world had ever seen. As certain nations have continued to expand, an importantRead MoreCarnegie Building Research Paper1421 Words   |  6 Pagesinto making communities in the City of Brotherly Love a better place in which children can grow. Internships are also offered for those who wish to learn and make an impact on a short-term basis. The agency has accomplished this by establishing many health and educational benefits for the children as well as the community. Both the Carnegie Building and PCCY represent efforts have bettered society through support in the sector of education. Members of society have received tremendous donations, suppliesRead MoreHuman Beings and Happiness Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pagesrepresents. The conceptualization of happiness as SWB has yielded important components of happiness, namely life satisfaction, or the overall satisfaction of an individual with his own life, satisfaction in life domains, or the satisfaction in work, health, marriage, etc., the dominance of positive affect, which refers to positive moods and emotions, and the diminishment of negative affect, or the negative moods and emotions. A person who has a high SWB also displays high levels of life satisfactionRead MoreEthical Challenges in Business: a Historical Event Worth Examination725 Words   |  3 PagesEthical Challenges in Business: A Historical Event worth Examination The movie Erin Brockovich is based on actual events involving corporate business knowingly endangering the health of local residents and the environment. This factual event is a great example of capitalism on steroids with no empathy for who are what is destroyed on their path for wealth. The events that unfold show the degenerative break down of ethical values through the business format of Pacific Gas and Electric. PGERead MoreOrgan Donation : Organ Organs1054 Words   |  5 Pagesdonation to strangers, whom are in critical health situations and need an organ transplant in order to survive. The problem is that there is a shortage of available organs. The organ donation process presents ethical dilemmas that will be discussed in this essay, as well as, solutions, alternative solutions and, ultimately, a final solution, that will be evaluated in relation to the ethical problem. To begin, there is a timeline of historical events significant to organ donation. In 1954 theRead MoreThe Future of South Africa1708 Words   |  7 Pagesin 1994 a black government. This lead to black empowerment, which was subjugated for hundreds of years. This however created a new series of health, educational and economical challenges the country would need to face. Cape Town’s mayor Helen Zille states that South Africa has five major challenges to overcome in its future. These are: - Unemployment - Health Issues (primarily HIV/AIDS rates) - Crime - Education - Poverty All of these challenges are directly related to South Africa’s economic situationRead MoreLiterature Review Of Literature On Economic Inequality1470 Words   |  6 Pagesliterature is diverse with recent works such as Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett’s The Spirit Level, which suggests that economic inequality has a detrimental effect on several factors such as increased crime, increased obesity, and worse mental health within a country. Simon Kuznets, an influential America economist set an economic paradigm which established that that economic growth and increased inequality was a part of the development process. Whilst there has always been a wide range of literature

Student Loan System For College Students - 1212 Words

Student Loan System Throughout the ages, society has evolved to overcome the challenges it faces from one generation to the next, by learning and advancing further than the previous ones. It has undergone a vast number of changes; however, mankind has never undermined the importance and necessity of a complex and well-educated society. Moreover, it is the duty of each one of us to make sure that the next generation takes a step further than the previous one. With this in mind, society has understood the importance of higher education for the future. Yet, the hesitation we witness today to pursue a degree is due to the high cost of student loans. Truly this is a terrifying thing which cannot be ignored, as it has a direct impact on the†¦show more content†¦In the first place, the interest rates have been rigged to increase dramatically in a very short period of time. The interest on the student loans has increased substantially resulting in huge debts for the outgoing graduat e. These rates have skyrocketed, â€Å"The average student loan debt was $18,550 in 2004; this figure has doubled over the decade and now represents a 56% increase† compared to the previous decade and we are fully aware that paying off such a debt would take a lifetime and is very difficult (End The Debt). This has begun giving graduate students the feeling of a never-ending debt. Due to this, there are a huge number of high-school students who are re-considering a college degree, even though they are fully aware of the necessity of qualification for many jobs. An interesting fact is how the student loan system has made a conscious effort to incorporate international students to finance their full-time MBA degrees. An example of this would be, â€Å"The Simon Business School at the University of Rochester in New York is offering a student loan program, with student loans ranging from $1,000 to the full cost of tuition† this is a very useful benefit to international students (Other News). However, it has become extremely complicated for Muslim students to even access these student loans as â€Å"Muslim students cannot claim a student loan mainly due to their religious belief that prevent them from

Muet Essay free essay sample

It is normal for people to describe the world now as a dog eat dog world where we sometimes need to literally hurt or harm another just for our own survival or good. Hence, it is not surprising for us to see an increase in crime and lawlessness in our society as we see people harden themselves to commit bad deeds against their fellow humans. Thus it is not wrong to say that most people commit crimes for selfish reasons as most crimes are caused by selfish desires like greed, lust, anger or jealousy. Many people commit crime for their desire for money. Everyday, we read reports of increase in the number of cases of snatch theft, armed robbery and burglary, embezzlement of funds, and cheating. These criminals selfishly think of their own needs and wants, and in order to get easy money without working hard to earn their own money, they selfishly force or coerce and trick others to part with their hard-earned money and possession. We will write a custom essay sample on Muet Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They don’t care if other people or families are affected or do not have enough, they just focus on themselves, what they want to do with the money they have taken by force. Sometimes, because of their love of money, they might just kill their uncooperative victims. In addition, many people commit heinous crimes out of lust. They just want to satisfy their sexual desires and as a result they might force another unwilling party to engage in sexual acts. It hurts our heart when we read of rape cases that happen, especially when they involve young children or even mentally handicapped victims. These victims’ whole lives are destroyed, and they are traumatized for a long time, but these rapists have no regard for all that. They were too selfish to think about other people except themselves. Lastly people also commit many other crimes for selfish reasons like anger or jealousy. We read reports of how people commit murder during fights or commit road rage or kill someone just to silent those who know their secret or have something that they covet for. Some even kill their lovers who have a change of heart. These murderers are very selfish because they deny someone else the chance to live just for their own interest, survival or anger. They don’t think of the hurt and harm they cause to those who might lose their loved ones because of their actions. Thus, the main driving force behind crimes is indeed selfishness. Although we are imperfect and would definitely seek our own interest, we must not deaden our conscience. If we are so self centered until we are willing to sacrifice others for our own good, we will reap the consequences one day.

Nuremberg Trials - Martin Bormann Essays - SS-Obersturmbannfhrer

Nuremberg Trials - Martin Bormann On the night of October 15, 1946, ten of the twelve major war criminals, condemned to death at the Nuremberg trials, were executed. Of the two who eluded the hangman, one was ReichMarshal Hermann Goring, who committed suicide by swallowing a lethal vial of cyanide two hours before his execution. The other man was Reichsleiter Martin Bormann, who had managed to gain an enormous amount of power within the Nazi Party. He was virtually unknown outside of the Party elite as he had worked in the shadows of Hitler. As the end of the war drew near, many of the top Nazis were fleeing. Hermann Goring had fled west, and had been captured by American soldiers, after the death of Hitler had been announced. In Hitler's political will, Goring had been expelled from the party while Martin Bormann had been named Party Minister . According to Jochen Von Lang, Gobbels and Bormann had ?held a military briefing on the night of May 2, 1945. ? Gobbels had already decided to commit suicide but Bormann despe rately wanted to survive. The last entry into his diary was ?escape attempt! ? Martin Bormann's whereabouts after this night is unknown. There are many speculations as to his fate ranging from the probable to the spectacular. Reichsleiter Bormann who, according to A. Zoller, ?exercised absolute control over the whole structure of the Reich? and yet, virtually unknown to the public, was born June 17th, 1900. He was born in Saxon to a Postal Clerk. Bormann joined an anti-Semitic organization in 1920 and by 1923 he was a member of the Freikorps. During this period, he was imprisoned for a year for murder and one year after his release Bormann joined the Nazi Party as a financial administrator. By 1933 he had worked his way to being made a Reichsleiter, a General of the SS and the Chief of Staff to Rudolf Hess. When Hess took flight to England, Bormann gladly inherited his position and became Hitler's deputy. He had many enemies in the Party and Goring explained that even Goebbels feared him and his power . Bormann saw himself to be quite a noble character and in a letter to his wife dated April 2nd, 1945 he wrote that, ?if we are destined, like the Nebeliung, to perish in King Attila's hall, then we go to de ath proudly and with our heads held high.? For all his bravado, as the time to fight arrived, Bormann made a frantic attempt to survive. At the end of the war, the allied leaders decided to prosecute top Nazis as War Criminals in Nuremberg. As Martin Bormann was missing, it was decided that he would be tried in absentia. Although the allies had testimony stating that Bormann was dead, they ignored it because if ?Bormann at this point was to be declared dead by the court, and then to surface later on, die-hard Nazis would suspect that perhaps the Furher was alive too.? In order for allied credibility to remain intact, Bormann was to be tried for Crimes against Peace, War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity. Dr. Friedrich Bergold was appointed to this difficult task of defending a missing man. He considered it ?a miscarriage of justice for the Tribunal to try his client in absentia.? The International Tribunal sentenced Reichsleiter Martin Bormann to death. The night of May 1-2, 1945 is the last known whereabouts of Martin Bormann. The Reichsleiter was desperately trying to leave Berlin alive. He had tried to negotiate with the Russians for a brief cease-fire in order for him to obtain a safe passage through the enemy's lines. It had been rejected. The survivors in the Fuhrerbunker were attempting to escape the city and every twenty minutes a group left. Bormann emerged wearing an SS uniform without rank and a leather overcoat. His pocket contained a copy of Hitler's will, securing him to power. His group, that included Axmann, Kempka and Stumpfegger, arrived at the Friedrichstrasse Subway station but were held up at the Weidendammer Bridge. The Russians held the other side of the bridge and therefore made it impossible to cross without the cover of tanks. Miraculously, some German tiger tanks and

The Effectiveness of Animal Testing essays

The Effectiveness of Animal Testing essays Animal experimentation is a scientifically invalid practice because data from animal studies are not reliable. Over 3 million animals have been abused and killed all in the name of science. It has been found that only 5%-25% of side effects caused by medicines is accurately predicted. This leads us to wonder what is actually being gained from animal experimentation? Animals make inaccurate models for studying human diseases because molecular biology has revealed significant differences between species on the cellular level; therefore it sidetracks medical progress and wastes time, talent and resources. Animal rights activists focus their arguments mainly on the differences between the physiology of humans and other animals, providing the answer to why human reactions to illnesses and drugs are completely different from those of other animals. They are trying to get people to understand that just because a drug works on rats and doesn't hurt them, does not mean it will work on humans, and vice versa. These differences can even be deadly if the results of animal testing are applied to human medical treatment. Many of the organizations demonstrate cases of how animal testing has failed. 1.SIAV gives an example of the research for the polio vaccine. Although those who promote vivisection often cite the polio vaccine to support animal experimentation, the truth is more complicated. Salk and Sabin, who are usually credited with the polio vaccines, tested on monkey tissues, and the results had these scientists believe that polio enters only through the nose. It was later discovered polio entered through the mouth to the intestines. This apparently set back research drastically. "Sabin himself made an impressive argument against vivisection when he testified to the House Committee on Veterans Affairs in 1984 saying: 'Work on prevention [of polio] was delayed by an erroneous conception of the nature of the human disease, based on mislead...

Diversity Action Plan for Microsoft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diversity Action Plan for Microsoft - Essay Example This is, in a way, a stand against racism and prejudice. Now, why might organizations implement this Just like every other action, this has good characteristics as well as bad ones. First of all, the biggest benefit to any organization of hiring employees from different races and ethnicities is that it creates a good impression in the minds of socialists, shareholders, the public and all other stake holders. For Microsoft, this will be especially important because multinational companies such as itself gain additional profits and other non monetary benefits such as good will only by creating a noble image in the minds of their stakeholders. Secondly, diversity leads to a greater pool of ideas. When people come from different backgrounds, they tend to think differently in terms of logic as well as innovation. For a software house such as Microsoft, it is very important to hire people who can come up with more than one way of creating software or going about a project. In other words, it helps to solve problems in more than one way. This could probably even make problem-solving easier. This then saves time and when employees save time in deciding how to solve something, they utilize the rest in producing more. This leads to an increase in productivity. Higher productivity, ultimately, generates profits for firms. A diverse workforce can understand and meet customer requirements better as the client-base is likely to be diverse also in a country like the US. This is especially true for an organization like Microsoft whose customer base is massive. Lastly, diversity helps to reduce lawsuits and increases marketing opportunities and creativity (Esty, et al., 1995). Challenges The biggest problem that diversity presents to organizations is that it causes communication problems. This happens because people come from different backgrounds. They have different accents, different ways of thinking, different ways of perceiving things, and different ways of understanding. Therefore, this causes intra- and inter-team communication barriers. Either 'diverse' employees have problems understanding the communicator, or they have problems making themselves heard. Even feedback problems are likely to occur. Some may think that having a number of ways of solving a problem is good. It leads to saving time and maybe even increased productivity. Alternatively, other might say that having too many ways of solving one problem may lead to confusion. It becomes more difficult to judge what would be a better option. Also, it gives rise to disagreements between different individuals, especially more when they are of different mores. This causes frustration amongst team members and other colleagues which further leads to a hostile and an uncomfortable environment. This could even be the cause of de-motivation of employees. There is likely to be plenty of communication problems within different groups or between individuals as it is. A difficult-to-work-in environment further leads to more communication problems. Also, cultural biases are spawned when trying to change the corporate culture. If such biases and behavior grow in frequency and intensity it can result in legal charges of discrimination, in its most serious form (Thomas, 1997). Finally, when an organization employs a diverse workforce, it becomes important to acknowledge their needs and earlier unrecognized

Funding proposal local resilienc prject Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Funding proposal local resilienc prject - Essay Example For the coastal areas, it means erosion and evacuation of people living near the coastlines. According to Dorrell, R. and Wentworth, J. (2010, p.1) UK has roughly 16,000,000 people affected by floods as of September 2010, because 30% of England and Wales live near the coastal areas. Thousands lose their power supply during heavy rains, storm, or unusually cold winter. Some die. Based on the study of Kapucu, Naim PhD. (2009), Losses amounted to billions of Sterling Pounds in 1987 alone. An ideal Local Resiliency Project should be the orchestration of Local Authorities, Community Association members, and SMEs for the planning, management, and control of provisions that will meet the needs of all community members. There are those provisions that only the government can afford to prepare. These would be the well-trained Special Rescue Forces and major equipment for rescue and evacuation of people and properties, namely, heavy duty boats, diving supplies, army trucks, helicopters, ambula nce, night vision devices. And there are infrastructures that Joint Ventures can construct on sturdy, higher grounds where people can be evacuated. Ideally, these infrastructures should consist of durable housing alternatives and the durable Storage Depot of basic needs for survival day and night. Eventually, the homeowners themselves can become shareholders of all these investments. It can start with a Grant for the organization, planning, and initial implementations. Eventually, the chosen location of the Storage Depot should accommodate alternative housing that people in lowlands can eventually own through financing schemes. Section 3. Objective of Projects & Project Outcomes (300 words ) Lancashire Coastline communities will be the immediate beneficiary of this Local Resiliency Project. This project proposal clarifies the critical needs of the community wherein a Local Resiliency Project will be launched. It will then develop a contingency plan whereby any simulated disaster or actual calamity can have an equivalent logical response that should negate the unwanted impact for most homeowners and businesses. Thus, the objectives include the following: a. To describe the community and specific location that will be involved in the creation of a Local Resiliency Project, in terms of the usual natural disturbance based on past months and years; b. To elaborate the reported consequences of those calamities in the past; c. To identify needs of the community so as to remain productive during and after the disasters; d. To describe the logical remedy along with the implications of providing a solution; e. To estimate cost of having such provisions; f. To summarize the benefits of investing on such a proposed Local Resiliency Project; g. To develop a plan of action with timetable for implementation and maintenance; h. To identify people and organizations who should be help accountable and responsible for the various stages of the project proposal; i. To prove how th is project will result in a resilient community over many years to come; j. To specify limitations of such provisions for the community. Section 4. Statement of Needs, Characteristics of Beneficiaries ( 500 words ) Large towns make up the coastal settlements of

Gun Laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gun Laws - Essay Example Gun laws critically account for individual and social security concerns. This role, however, is not without its negative aspect. This is in line with the fact that not every individual or potential gun owner qualifies to own a gun. Gun ownership requirements are strictly adhered to in order to minimize saturation of guns in among individuals (Lott, 2010). Amid this, guns provide a sense of security to the owners and people among them. Therefore, gun laws are essential in that regard. Regulation of gun ownership also ensures that only the most deserving people are approved, thereby reducing the possibility of misuse of guns. Antisocial behaviors constitute another aspect that guns critically account for. Laws are put in place to minimize or alleviate altogether illegal possession of guns. Individuals found owning guns against the law are prosecuted. In this regard, gun laws contribute towards mainstreaming social welfare and social coherence among people by regulating or controlling their conduct in this line (Lott, 2010). A challenge in this pursuit is the ability of people to acquire guns to serve other purposes other than their safety and security. Crime perpetrators use guns to threaten others in times of crime. In the light of regulation of guns through relevant laws, this is used to counter attack gun laws efforts. Failure to account for the majority populations in the licensing of guns is a bone of contention in relation to gun laws. Gun possession favors the minority rich and the so called VIPs like prominent businessmen, political leaders, and celebrities among others (Lott, 2010). However, security concerns that lead to the formulation and implementation of gun laws are experienced across the populations, and every single individual is equally vulnerable. Although there places where gun laws seek to integrate all persons subject to approval,

Symbolism In the Oyster And The Pearl :: essays research papers

In William Saroyan's play The Oyster and the Pearl there is a lot of symbolism. The theme of the play is to take it easy and relax and life will be much happier. Harry Van Dusen is a barber that has a philosophy of "Take it easy." He tries to spread his philosophy by talking to people when he is cutting their hair. It was almost as if the haircuts were just a way of getting people in the barbershop to talk. The hats that Harry wore symbolized the attitude that he was in. The sea symbolizes life. The name of the small town that the story takes place in is called O.K.-by-the-Sea. That name symbolizes that life isn't perfect but by taking it easy it can be more fun. Vivian McCutcheon is a new school teacher that does everything "by the book." She just tries to fit in. This is symbolized by her wanting a poodle haircut. She didn't really want one but she was trying to be like everyone else. Harry knew this and that is why he would not give her the haircut. Harry's ph ilosophy is superior to Vivian's philosophy of fitting in. This is shown by how much happier Harry and everyone else that lives by his philosophy is than Vivian.All the little things in the story have symbolism too. The bottle of sea water stands for the details of life that have to be looked for. Clay and Clark Larrabee symbolize the problems and difficulties that occur in life. Two of the most important symbols in the story are the oyster and the pearl. The oyster symbolizes obstacles that must be overcome to get to hope(the pearl). Beach combing represents looking for the obstacles to get to hope. The pearl is hope. When Clay found the oyster he thought there was a pearl inside.

Nursing Board Examinations Scam: Impact to Practice

The â€Å"American Dream† is in the hands of all nurses around the globe as the U.S. is now facing a chronic nursing shortage with a projected RN shortage of more or less 800,000 in year 2020 (Buerhaus et al., 2000). The shortage of nurses that the U.S. healthcare industry needs to fill up hits hundreds of thousands as the shortage continues despite rising wages of nurses. The health care industry has bemoaned the nursing shortage for more than a decade, and that more will be needed for additional patients as the Baby Boom generation ages. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projected in 2005 that more than 3.1 million registered nurse jobs would be available by 2014, which would add an additional 700,000 new jobs for nurses (Moore, 2007). The United States has ramped up its importation of foreign-trained nurses mainly sourced from Africa (mainly Nigeria and South Africa), India, Canada and the Philippines (Vujicic, 2004). U.S. hospitals and health care agencies choose the Philippines because the country is a former American colony with school curriculum based on the American education system, classes are taught in English and nurses earn a four-year bachelor's degree, sometimes more than what American nurses obtain. Thus, the learning curve for Philippine-trained nurses in the United States is minimal (Jenkins, 2003). The Filipino nurses’ work ethics is the primary reason why they comprise 83 percent of foreign nurses in America and are the most preferred by hospitals, doctors’ clinics and care homes according to U.S. National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) (Bondoc, 2007). The Philippine Nurses Association of America (PNAA) reported that there are around 90,000 Filipino nurses in the United States. Every year 12,000 to 14,000 Filipino nurses migrate to the U.S. (OPS, 2007). Nurses’ licensing examinations is offered abroad to bring more foreign-born nurses to the U.S. and help alleviate the acute nursing shortage that is crippling American health care. Most of the foreigners taking the mandatory U.S. licensing nursing exam came from the Philippines, India, Canada, Nigeria, Korea, United Kingdom and Commonwealth of States (formerly USSR) according to National Council of State Boards of Nursing. Of those, more than half were from the Philippines, which educate thousand more nurses than what the country needs (Friess, 2002). The U.S. is a net importer of medical and nursing professionals from the Philippines. The issue on the June 2006 nursing board exam leak in the Philippines has snowballed, settling on a query to Filipino nurses’ credibility and ability in the provision of health care and safety to American Community, not only to solve nursing shortage crisis in America. This paper discusses the important issue of irregularities in nursing board exams. After introducing the topic, a discussion on the essence of nursing ethics is made. The next section briefly presents the recent Philippine Nursing Board exam to the U.S. nursing practice, followed by a critical analysis on this issue. The summary, conclusions and recommendations are presented in the last section. In Respect to the Nursing Insignia The nursing insignia, although it disappears, the meaning still embarks the true identity of the nurse in the nursing practice as a health care provider with caring attitude possess knowledge symbolizes by the nursing cap, the crowning glory of intelligence and the uniform is a picture perfect of purity and cleanliness living with ethics and morale which are molded inside the nursing school. Although the profession of nursing is as ancient as medicine, and may have the greatest right to the Cup of Hygieia as its symbol, most of the nursing tradition use a lamp or candle, which is not only in memory of Florence Nightingale, but which represents the light of knowledge, the central emblem of quality health care. The level of knowledge of nursing graduates is measured by nursing board exams—a licensure examination to eligibly practice the nursing profession. The exam regulates the legal nursing practice as a profession by assessing the basic nursing level competency which considers the objectives of the nursing curriculum, the broad areas of nursing and other related disciplines and competencies. The integrity of foreign licensing systems ultimately affects the health and safety of patients in the United States, a primary consideration of CGFNS in its role in evaluating candidates under U.S. immigration law (The Manila Times, 2007). Impact of Philippine Nursing Board Exam Leakage to U.S. Nursing Practice The Philippines is the leading source of nurses to the United States, with several thousand Filipino nurses migrating there each year. However, the U.S. National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) and the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) delayed their approval for the Philippines’ accreditation as a testing center of the U.S. National Commission on Licensure Examination (NCLEX) for nurses. The shelved application is caused by the direct repercussion of the nursing board exam leak scandal. It capped two hours of grilling earlier on Philippine assurances of exam security and housecleaning after fraud marred its own nursing board tests last June 2006 (Bondoc, 2007). The United States Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools (CGFNS) obliged all Filipino nurses with 2006 licenses, who wished to work in the US, to retake the two sets of tests that investigators said were leaked to several nursing review centers in Manila, the Philippine capital (Cabreza, 2007). The retake of the tests is to allow nurses who passed the leak-tainted 2006 nursing board and are wishing to work in the United States to secure UV Visa-Screen certificates as required by the CGFNS (Rodis, 2007). The Philippines’ status as one of the world’s top producers of nurses could be threatened as it significantly tainted the credibility of Filipino nurses abroad due to the recent examinations irregularities. The scandal allegedly involved leakage materials of the June 2006 Philippine nursing board examinations of at least 200 questions. Some members of the nursing board were accused of receiving bribes from the owners of nursing review centers in exchange for leaking some test questions (Asian Pacific Post, 2007). Sometime after the board exam was held, the whistleblowers who exposed the said irregularity wrote to the PRC in June 2006 to report that handwritten copies of two sets of examination were circulated among examinees who took their review at a particular review center during the actual examination period (Cabreza, 2007). The initial charges were made by students who said that the president of the Philippine Nurses Association, who apparently is the owner and director of a nursing review center and a nursing school, had given the exam questions to students who had taken his coaching classes with the final coaching   at SM Cinema in Manila (The Filipino Express Newspaper, 2007). Many of the whistleblowers who exposed cheating have decided to take a new licensure test to remove the stigma of the scandal (Cabreza, 2007). Only 68.96% (9,198) have passed the nursing board retake out of 13,338 nurses who voluntarily retook, concluded that the quality of education is becoming a real issue, especially in light of the recent cheating/leak in the said board exams (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2007; Rodis, 2007). After the said disclosures were made, officials and industry experts cautioned that the country's status as one of the top sources in the world for nurses would inevitably be adversely affected (Conde, 2006). In fact, this scandal has already demonstrated far-reaching impact on Filipino nurses—aside from some untoward incidents regarding racial discrimination in primetime American shows—indicating that such scandal inevitably involved the entire Philippines. For one, one episode of the hit ABC series â€Å"Desperate Housewives† involved Teri Hatcher insulting the Filipino community when she malignly depicted that Philippine medical schools are producing substandard, inferior and—worse—inept medical practitioners. Another is Jay Leno’s similar remark on his late night show â€Å"The Tonight Show†. Unfortunately, the above incidents gave rise to some political humors across America. A Critical Analysis The nursing board exam leak scandal in the Philippines brought legal, ethical and political issues confronting professional nursing today, including in the U.S., as the Philippines is its prime source of manpower to address the ever-escalating shortage of nurses. Better compensation packages—or simply a better life for the nurse and her/his family—have been achieved notwithstanding ethical and moral of standards of nurses everywhere. The Philippines has had a long history of corruption and low standards of ethics especially in politics and business. The Philippine nursing schools’ â€Å"diploma mills† and review centers, for years, have been earning significantly, capitalizing on the nursing shorted in the developed world. In a country where cheating with impunity has become the norm rather than the exception and where remittances from â€Å"exported† skilled professionals literally keep the economy afloat, the leaks that marred the last nursing board exam and the desperate effort to preserve the examination's credibility in the aftermath were bound to happen. The issue of the scandal is the issue of pathetic dreamers who damage the long-untainted credibility of the nursing institutions in the new era in spare for some cheap dollars. That there was a leak in the Board of Nursing exams is nothing more than a symptom of the nation's deep cancers. However, the response of the academe, the Board of Nursing, the NCLEX, the CGFNS, the hospitals, the physicians and the other professionals abroad could form part of the cure. In fact, indications are that there is a collective effort of many quarters to do directly address the issue. For one, the resignation of the president and the vice president of the Philippine Nursing Association and the Board of Nursing would properly set the tone for reforms within the nursing practice as well as in the academe. The report that some prestigious hospitals, clinics and recruitment agencies around the globe would not accept Nursing graduates from 2006 unless steps were taken to ensure that they indeed are worthy of the title of ‘Registered Nurse’, and the battle being waged by deans of prestigious nursing schools to stop the Philippines’ Professional Regulation Commission from administering the professional oath to â€Å"successful examinees† until the issue is resolved, all provides some sense of hope that there are still many among who refuse to allow precious nursing institution from prostituting itself. This is not an accident that this resolve has come from those involved in caring for people's health. It reflects a sentiment now sweeping across the country and other concerned countries among health professionals. It has little to do with dollar remittances and the promise of a good life. Hence, this battle to preserve the integrity and credibility of the nursing board exam is much more than that. It goes beyond making sure that the nurses who assist in the operating room or administer medicines to patients don't end up doing harm, although this is a big part of the issue. The battle is but a part of a bigger struggle to restore decency, integrity, and honor in country long-plagued by political instability and economic woes. The nursing insignia is being deprived of its cleanliness and purity of morale and intelligence. The white uniform is being stained with the filth of dishonesty and devious acts of betrayal to the nursing profession as the profession of cleanliness and purity. The light of knowledge taught by nursing schools has been diminished with darkness and blindness in the search for greener pastures. The real oppression is to the successful examinees who did not cheat, the hardships should not been paved with shame just because they are being called to participate in something beyond themselves. The only way cheating can be avoided in the future would be if those investigating the leak could pinpoint those who benefited from them and have only these persons retake the subjects. Needless to say, the perpetrators must be punished. It was Gandhi who said that â€Å"our values become our destiny.† What will happen to the destiny of those nurses with prejudiced values and what will happen if those nurses will hold the health of the American community? What will be the destiny of the American health care system if the healthcare provider’s credibility remains a big question? The nursing exam scandal is an opportunity to rediscover and reclaim the values that have been forced to be denied and even discarded—just for the sake of surviving. This unfortunate scandal can, however, prove to be one of the greatest blessings for this nation, because it might finally drive home the point that there can be no true progress and success unless they have their hearts in the right place. Call it a counterculture of sorts, or simply a natural reaction to anything in excess. But the fact is that all over the Philippines, doctors, nurses and other health professionals are starting to heed the call to be more than just healers. There is a growing realization that Filipino nurses must use their professions to help begin a revolution of the heart from the bottom up. It might be the only way to eventually force genuine change at the top. Summary, Conclusions & Recommendations The American Dream, the reverie of greener pasture in the land of milk and honey, has driven the perpetuators to commit the crime against nursing profession and the morality. The opportunities brought about by nursing shortage and nursing exodus has forced the nursing system failures. The quality of nursing education is becoming the real issue as there are 460 nursing schools in the Philippines and 50 of which have already been ordered by the Professional Regulation Commission of the Philippines to be closed down as nothing more than diploma mills (Rodis, 2007). The exam fraud was but a part of the bigger problem of nursing. And there is also the issue of poor education. Schools, cashing in on a surge of enrolments from news of a nurse shortage in America, were churning out around 80,000 graduates per year. But only 32,000 or so are able to pass the board test, and only 2,000 easily get jobs in top hospitals (Bondoc, 2007). The nursing shortage is not the number one problem in America, but if one takes a closer look, this may arise to a greater problem of hiring half-baked nurses. The illicit release of exam questions in the Philippines is an indication of deeper problems plaguing the Philippine health care system. Desperate to pass the nursing exam and work abroad, many students easily fall victim to such scams.   Diploma mill nursing schools and review centers have exploited this desperation and will do anything to compete for more students and more profits. In the end, the quality of nursing education, profession and the whole health care system suffers. Nurses in the United States involved directly or indirectly in the recruitment of nurses from the Philippines should consider only candidates with a minimum two- to three-year work experience and completely desist from hiring fresh graduates. By doing so, the Filipino nursing community in the United States would help ensure the continued flow of only qualified and well-trained professionals into the American healthcare system. References Asian Pacific Post. (2007). Filipino Nurses' Exam Scandal. Bondoc, J. (2007). NCLEX in Manila Open by Mid-Year. ABS-CBN Interactive. Buerhaus, P.I., Staiger, D.O. & Auerbach, D.I. (2000). Implications of an Aging Registered Nurse Workforce. Journal of the American Medical Association, 283, 2948–2954. Cabreza, V. (2007). Whistleblowers in 2006 Nursing Test Leak Take New Exams. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Conde, C.H. (2006). Cheating on Exam Taints Standing of Philippine nurses. International Herald Tribune – Asia Pacific. Philippine Daily Inquirer. (2007). Results of June 06 Nursing Board Retake Out. Friess, S. (2002). U.S. Looks Abroad for Nurses. USA Today. Jenkins, C. (2003). Filipino Nurses Make a New Life in a New Place. St. Petersburg Times. Moore, J.L. (2007). Nursing Wages Rise, Shortage Continues. The Morning News. Office of the Press Secretary, Philippines. (2007). Declaration of RP as NCLEX Testing Site Hailed as a Triumph for Filipino Nurses. Rodis, R. (2007). The Nursing Scandal. Philippinenews.com. The Filipino Express Newspaper. (2007). Court Asked: Stop Nurses’ Oath-taking. The Manila Times. (2007). U.S. Nixes VisaScreen Papers for June ’06 Nursing Board Passers. Manila: The Manila Times. Vujicic , M., Zurn, P., Diallo, K., Adams, O. &   and Dal Poz, M.R. (2004). The Role of Wages in the Migration of Health Care Professionals from Developing Countries. Human Resources for Health, 2, 3.

World War Ii Timeline - 1818 Words

World War II Timeline [pic] [pic] [pic] 1933 January 1.30.1933- Adolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany, bringing ideas of Nazi Party with him June 6.14.1933- Nazi party outlaws all other political parties, signaling the beginning of a totalitarian regime October 10.1933- President Roosevelt recognizes the USSR and establishes diplomatic relations 10.14.1933- Germany leaves the League of Nations 1934 December 12.29.1934- Japan denounces the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 and the London Naval Treaty of 1930, identifying that Japan would no longer abide by the treaties which were intended to prevent an arms race and massive navies. 1935 March 3.16.1935- Hitler violates the Treaty of†¦show more content†¦7.26.1940- US withholds gasoline from Japan. In an attempt to make Japan surrender, and weaker. September 9.3.1940- FDR agrees to give Britain 50 Destroyers in exchange for naval bases in Newfoundland, Bermuda, and sites in the Caribbean and the South Atlantic. 9.25.1940- Expansion of Japanese Embargo. The US now includes steel and iron to the Japanese Embargo, which already included gasoline (July 26,1940) 9.27.1940- Tripartite Agreement- Japan joins the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and now Japan) October 10.31.1940- Battle of Britain ends. German Luftwaffe bombing strategy fails to quash British morale. November 11.20.1940- Hungary and Romania sign the Tripartite Agreement. Becoming part of the Axis powers. (Germany, Italy, Japan, and now Hungary and Romania) December 12.29.1940- FDR Fireside Chat- FDR claims that the US must be an â€Å"Arsenal of Democracy.† Similar to the reasoning for WWI, which was â€Å"To make the world safe for Democracy† 1941 March 3.1.1941- Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Agreement. Becoming part of the Axis powers. (Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania and now Bulgaria) 3.11.1941-Lend-Lease Act- authority to sell, transfer, or lease war goods to the government of any Allied country. ENDED AMERICAN NEUTRALITY 3.30.1941- US Seizure of Ships- US seizes 65 Axis ships which have sailed into American ports. April 4.13.1941- USSR and Japan sign a neutrality pact.Show MoreRelatedThe Holocausts Effect on the German Jew Essay1745 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"final solution† almost eliminated the Jewish population in Europe during World War II. At the end of the war and along with his suicide, the Jewish population would survive the horror known as the Holocaust and the Jews would eventually find their way back to their homeland of Israel as well as find new communities to call home. Hitler’s rise to power before World War II was due to his anger at Germany’s defeat in World War I and the punishment Germany received from Britain and France. He alsoRead MoreThe 20th Century A Revitalization Of Mathematics1523 Words   |  7 PagesMathematics. All the while, they held mathematical seminars that persist to this day. The group seemed to have a great deal of amusement playing the role of Nicolas Bourbaki and remained seemingly unaffected by the vicious world around them (Berlinghoff Gouvea, 2004, p. 55). The world that Nicolas Bourbaki came into was a dark one. The relationship among European countries was becoming increasingly hostile. In America, the president Franklin D. Roosevelt was implementing the New Deal and working toRead MoreYou May Be Twenty Years Apart In Age From Someone And Be1113 Words   |  5 Pagesanother person. World War One and World War Two are somewhat of a clash between these two extremes. World War One is the definition of a bandwagon effect, it was a bandwagon war. While World War Two starts for more serious reasons and groups are formed on ideals and ethics. The two wars are also very similar in sense of the outcomes each war brought. World War One and World War Two had many more similarities and differences in thoughts of why the United States got involved into each war, the weaponsRead MoreThe Bombing Of Pearl Harbor Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesHarbor, America showed the world how tall and proud it can stand after a silent, sneak attack; however, A merica may have been knocked down, but ultimately not defeated. The United States was a powerful country, but Japan felt they were superior to the United States. Initially, Japan took over China for raw goods and resources. Japan and took control over China (Pearl Harbor Timeline). In 1939, World War II began between England, Germany, and Japan. America had not join the war in the beginning (PearlRead MoreThe Events Of The 1942 Bataan Death Essay1636 Words   |  7 PagesThe events of the 1942 Philippines Bataan Death March reflect the Japanese views on surrender and explain the reason why a mass execution followed their enemy s surrender. Japan s forced, unconditional surrender to end World War II demonstrates the beginning of a Japanese cultural evolution. The following excerpts from an uncovered journal written by Joseph Daniels, an American soldier stationed in the Philippines, document a survivor’s perspective on the events of the 1942 Philippines Bataan DeathRead MoreHuman Progress in the Twentieth Century Despite Two World Wars 953 Words   |  4 Pages The world in the 20th century went through the destruction of World War I and World War II and the hazard of a nuclear war in the course of the Cold War and coped to revolutionize themselves with essential developments within their societies. The world, as a whole, has advanced more than it has suffered during the turbulent 20th century because of the advancements of innovations and human right, despite the demolition of the two World Wars. The 20th century inflicted the greatest suffering to theRead MoreTaking a Look at Holocaust Revisionism1459 Words   |  6 Pagesevent would ever happen again, but some people known as â€Å"revisionists† have tried to change, and even deny these facts to say that the Holocaust never happened. These people believe that the Holocaust was just the cruel effects of war instead of the worst genocide in world history that it was. People know a lot about the Holocaust and the events that took place within the camps based on research and the personal accounts of the survivors, so for a revisionist to claim that the Holocaust simply didn’tRead MoreThe Internment Of Japanese Americans1356 Words   |  6 Pagesquestion that I intend to answer today is: The Constitution guarantees American citizens no imprisonment without due process of law, yet has been violated by the federal government in at least two American wars. How did the government justify interning Japanese-American c itizens in World War II? In order to understand why this happened we have to first look at what happened. We are going to look at a couple things in this paper: The Executive Order of 9066 and Korematsu v. United States (1944). AsRead MoreThe Great Journey to Freedom Essay examples1119 Words   |  5 Pagesof their own. The years 1900 – 1929, saw Canada taking their first steps in attaining independence from Britain. Their involvement in World War I, especially at the Vimy Ridge Battle made Canada look like a mature nation in the eyes of other countries . More than 10,000 courageous Canadian soldiers were killed and it was also the best successful battle of World War I. Seven Canadians earned the Victoria Cross for their bravery in front of German fire. Soon, Canada started to demand for more freedomRead MoreNuclear Physics : A Scientist989 Words   |  4 Pagesthe unintended applications of his or her research because termination of scientific development deprives society of beneficial technological progress; discontinuation of potentially harmful research has no actual effect on the project’s overall timeline as another scientist will likely be willing to finish the research; and the moral responsibilities concerning the destructive use of scientific developments fall on government officials, not scientists. If a scientist ethically disagrees with the

Chaucers Society in Canterbury Tales - 815 Words

Chaucers society represents every social class. In doing so, it shows what it takes to actually make a society function. The different people carry different stories to share. These stories carry lessons learned in hopes of sharing them with others so that they may not end up in the same predicaments. After all, that is the main point of sharing stories, isnt it? In the Nun and Priests tale, a story of never trusting a flatterer is told. The Pardoner tries to sell indulgences to the pilgrims after he told them he cheats them. Love Conquers all is a main staple of the Prioress. He archetypes this as a quest on which the pilgrims set out upon a quest to their holy site to gain spiritual benefits. Another part of the archetype would be†¦show more content†¦He found a new place of residence with a companion who enjoyed gambling and drinking also. His new companions wife owned a shop in order to keep up appearances, but in all honesty was a prostitute. This story shows how someon e can be so fake and yet the public sees them as the epitome of perfection. The wife of baths tale is one in which a woman tells of her five husbands and how husbands should obey their wife to the utmost extent. In the Monks tale, Chaucer is deliberately making fun of the way his society functions. He is constantly bringing up the ridiculousness of the situations. The monks could not live without their extravagant clothing or accessories. To begin this tale, Chaucer tells the tales of Lucifer and Adam: two men who started off in paradise but ended up in Hell. Sampsons tale is explaining how he was not so perfect when he told his secret to his wife. She then passed it on to his enemies and found a new husband. Samson slaughtered 1,000 men with an asss jawbone, then prayed for God to quench his thirst. Out of no where, a well sprouted from the jawbones tooth. If it werent for him telling Delilah his strength came from him being too stubborn to cut his hair, he would have taken over the world. Now without his strength, it allowed for Samsons enemies cut out his eyes and imprison him. Being held captive drove him so crazy that he knocked down the temple he was in, killingShow MoreRelatedThe Worldview Of Society In Geoffrey Chaucers The Canterbury Tales793 Words   |  4 Pageswhere poets such as Virgil and Ovid strongly influenced Chaucers’ writings (Britannica). Chaucer in his book The Canterbury Tales depicts society as being corrupted and morally declined. Chaucers life of events such as his time as a prisoner of war (Biography.com) had impacted his outlook on the world and the people around him as unethical and nefarious. Geoffrey Chaucer utilizes his novel The Canterbury Tales to portray his worldview on society as being materialistic, self-centered and lustful toRead MoreFourteenth Century Society in Geoffrey Chaucers The Canterbury Tales1771 Words   |  8 PagesNothing gives us a better idea of medieval life than Geoffrey Chaucer’s The C anterbury Tales. Written in the late fourteenth century in the vernacular, it gives us an idea of the vast spectrum of people that made up the different classes within society. The poem describes the knightly class, the clergy, and those who worked for a living, thus describing the different classes as well. Chaucer gives us a cross-section of fourteenth century society by giving us the small details of people’s clothing, demeanorRead MoreLearning About Medieval Life and Society from Chaucers General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales1224 Words   |  5 PagesLearning About Medieval Life and Society from Chaucers General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales I have been studying Geoffrey Chaucers General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales, of which I looked specifically at six portraits, these being: the Knight, his son, a young squire, the prioress, the wife of Bath, the Miller and the Pardoner. From these portraits I was able to observe the ways of life and society in medieval times. I found out about social status, fashion, wealthRead MoreGeoffrey Chaucer s Impact On Literature1231 Words   |  5 PagesGeoffrey Chaucer’s Impact on Literature: English poet Geoffrey Chaucer is acclaimed to be one of the best and most influential poets in history. Geoffrey Chaucer wrote several famous literary works in what is called middle English. Geoffrey Chaucer was born in 1340 in London, England. Over the course of Chaucer’s life, he entered and exited several different social classes. He began to write his most known pieces when he became a public servant to Countess Elizabeth of Ulster in 1357. He diedRead MoreAnalysis Of The General Prologue To The Canterbury Tales Essays1044 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen an important factor in society, changing and evolving throughout the centuries. In medieval Europe, religious pilgrimages were a crucial part of ones religious faith. Often every one in society, from the highest of class to the lowest order was involved in this practice. Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the most important writers in English literature, was the author of The Canterbury Tales, an elaborate poem about the religiou s pilgrimage of twenty nine people to Canterbury. In the General PrologueRead MoreEssay on Chaucers The Canterbury Tales927 Words   |  4 PagesChaucers The Canterbury Tales In The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer comments on moral corruption within the Roman Catholic Church. He criticizes many high-ranking members of the Church and describes a lack of morality in medieval society; yet in the â€Å"Retraction,† Chaucer recants much of his work and pledges to be true to Christianity. Seemingly opposite views exist within the â€Å"Retraction† and The Canterbury Tales. However, this contradiction does not weaken Chaucer’s social commentary.Read MoreCanterbury Tales Analysis841 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Canterbury Tales, Chaucer gives a detailed description of what life was like in Medieval times . In the â€Å"Prologue†, the reader comes to better understand the people of the time period through the characters words and actions. Chaucer uses a variety of groups of society to give the reader a deeper insight into the fourteenth century Pilgrims customs and values. Through the Court, Common people and the Church, Gregory Chau cer gives a detailed description of ordinary life in the medieval timesRead MoreGeoffrey Chaucers Use of Characterization Essay1308 Words   |  6 Pagesappealed to those of all walks of life. Chaucer’s work resulted in mass appeal because it used many forms of characterization to present the characters to the reader. In Geoffrey Chaucer’s Prologue to the Canterbury Tales, Chaucer uses thoughts and actions, his word, and satire to characterize The Squire and The Wife of Bath. Geoffrey Chaucer is well known for his use of characterization in his works. A notable work of Chaucer was Prologue to the Canterbury Tales. This piece was notable because it appealedRead MoreCanterbury Tales Character Analysis1334 Words   |  6 PagesThe Canterbury Tales is a written work, by Geoffrey Chaucer, that is a representation of the society he lived in. His work portrays the feudal system during the medieval times and how each level of livelihood was a character, whose personalities reflect how Chaucer and his culture view them. During his time, his society regarded the Christian Church as corrupt and manipulative, with a few clergy who are honest and genuine in their exertion. Therefore, the ecclesiastical persona has the dispositionsRead More Character Rank In Society in The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer888 Words   |  4 PagesThe Canterbury Tales can be understood as a Chaucerian satire according many readers. Chaucer sets out to deliberately upset the social order pr esent at that time and to mock the faults present in the characters. Although he baffles about the complexity of the characters, Chaucer also praises and condemns characters for their unique qualities. Chaucer further gives us feedback of what actions the characters are taking in their lives. Many of the pilgrims are headed off to Canterbury, to worship

Benefits Of Payment Reimbursement Systems Within The...

Effective payment program strategies are a major part of administering health care. Reimbursement programs are a part of the United States (U.S) health care system. They represent a financial tool for providing cash flow to service physicians and hospitals. Most often, the ability to provide quality health care depends on the payment for the services given by physicians and hospitals. This paper presents a view of payment reimbursement systems within the health care industry. A comparative overview and description of payment reimbursement will be given in order to understand the flow of finances in the health care industry. The focus will be on the levy and fee-for-service reimbursement systems. Readers will then be able to conclude that†¦show more content†¦Contrary to the situation in which the patient makes payment arrangement with the caregiver, and then file claim directly to the insurance company to recoup all or at least part of the medical charge. The costs of health care are higher in the United States than in other countries and put a strain on the overall economy. In the United States, health care is technologically advanced but expensive. Health care costs were about $2.6 trillion dollars in 2010. For decades, the amount of money spent on health care has increased more than the overall economy has grown. Health care is paid for by government programs, private health insurance plans, and the person s own funds. Private insurance Private insurance can be purchased from for-profit and not-for-profit insurance companies. Although there are many health insurance companies in the United States, a given state tends to have a limited number. Herzberg, D. Most private insurance is purchased by corporations as a benefit for employees. The amount of money employers spend on an employee s health insurance is not considered taxable income for the employee. Because the government enables employees to spend less on health care, they may use health care services more. Government insurance programs The largest government insurance programs include Medicare, which funds

Developmental Profile †Cognitive Free Essays

The classroom is the venue with which a child learns how to use his/her cognitive abilities for greater understanding and mastery of educational skills like reading, problem solving, critical thinking and hypothesis testing. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development shows that each person undergoes cognitive milestones which have to be attained by a child before he/she can go into the next stage. Each stage is composed of cognitive skills that have to do with the cognitive processing of information (Atherton, 2005). We will write a custom essay sample on Developmental Profile – Cognitive or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, in the early stages a child first knows that he/she is separate from other people. Next, he/she is able to use language and can identify objects and what they represent. The school age child normally is able to think logically; makes use of number, mass and weight conservation and classify objects in terms of various characteristics. The last stage is when the child can think abstractly and test hypothesis as well as be concerned with ideological thinking and problems (Atherton, 2005). The classroom offers different activities that promote the learning of this cognitive sills, as well as delivering information and knowledge in ways that are cognitively appropriate for their age. This developmental profile report shows how the teacher supports the cognitive development of her students through the instructional approaches he/she uses in the classroom. Ms. Lisa is a 4th grade teacher, she is well aware that children are still in the concrete stage and that they are more able to understand the lessons if it is presented using concrete examples and models that the children could touch and feel or observe. For today’s lesson, Miss Lisa is introducing the concept of classifications; she has Amber, Stacy and Luis to help her in the lesson presentation. Ms. Lisa presents the 3 children with colored balls and in different shapes, She firsts asks Amber to describe what she sees and then to arrange the balls in size. Amber seems to smile because she knows that her task is very simple, she first places the golf ball in the line, followed by the baseball, then the volleyball and the basketball. Ms. Lisa check Amber’s work and is satisfied, she then asks the class why the balls are correctly lined up. Now Ms. Lisa tells Stacy to arrange the balls by color, Stacy claps gleefully as she proceeds to arrange the balls with the golf, baseball and volleyball on one side and the basketball on the other side. Stacy seeks the approval of her teacher as she asks whether her answer is correct. Ms. Lisa tells her it is correct and she smiles even more. Finally, Ms. Lisa tells Luis to arrange the balls in shape. The class fell silent and Luis scratched his head and made inquisitive looks to his teacher. He approached the balls not really sure of what to do since all the balls looked the same. Then Ms. Lisa encouraged him to go and try out his answer so he would know if it was right or not. In an instant, Luis eyes brightened and became rounder, he then went to the balls more confident and then went on to lump the balls in one pile. He smiled and said â€Å"that’s it, they are all round, and they are balls†. Ms. Lisa smiles and tells the class that Luis is right. The process that Ms. Lisa used to demonstrate classification of different characteristics using the same objects showed that the children have achieved the ability to classify objects, in the process the teacher have contributed to the self-esteem and confidence of the student in working with her class demonstration. Amber definitely knows she has the right answer and Ms. Lisa did not have to encourage her, on the other hand Stacy was unsure but tried her best, and Ms. Lisa affirmed her answer. Ms. Lisa however spent more time with Luis since he had difficulty with the task, but in a moment of insightful thinking, he was able to give the correct answer. Reference Atherton, J. (2005).   Learning and Teaching:   Piaget’s developmental theory. Retrieved November 12, 2007, from http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/piaget.htm    How to cite Developmental Profile – Cognitive, Papers

International Business Financial Analysis of Purple Phone Group

Questions: 1. Evaluate the proposed joint venture using financial and non-financial analysis. Clearly state which capital investment appraisal method you have used and it appropriateness. Clearly state any assumptions and show all workings and calculations in the appendices of your report. 2. Advise PURPLEPHONE Group SMT on the key operational and strategic challenges that they face when considering re-domiciling the France parent company to Monaco.3. Clearly state what options of sources of finance the multinational corporation has to fund the proposed expansion across Asia. What factors should the company consider when deciding what sources of finance to access to find the restructuring of the company? Answer: Introduction: PurplePhone Group Company is currently operating in France. The company provides finance services to private equity companies in the property construction and development industry. The company is now looking for business expansion. There are two strategic options of the company: Joint Venture and Restructuring. The company has taken option of EMF AG, who has offered two millions euro in a fifty-fifty joint venture for the period of two years. Another option is restructuring by making a shift from France to Monaco. In this assignment, factors will be evaluated to examine which strategic option is better for the companys future growth. In the first part, the joint venture option will be evaluated using all financial and non-financial factors of the given case study. The relevant assumption will be taken for consideration for analysing the capital investment appraisal. During the expansion plan the company may be faced many operational and strategic challenges. In the second part of the assignment all such challenges will be evaluated and analysed for decision-making. The discussion of the third part is all about how to corporation has to fund the proposed expansion plan in Asia. There are many factors need to be undertaken for choosing the best sources of fund for the company. This assignment also evaluated those factors, which are required for restructuring of company and transfer the parent company from France to Monaco. 1. The joint venture of the company in Germany might be possible as observed in the financial evidences have showed in the following table. The net present value method had been used in evaluating the project financing of the joint venture. Therefore, the main advantage of using the method in evaluating the investment proposal is to make the assessment in present valuation. The future value of the return from the investment might be scaled in present value so that the management of the firms can understand the positive reflection in future comparing with the present investment value. According to Brealey et al (2012), present value of the investment appraisal of the projects, the method of assessment considered in present value method might show the relative measurement of the different sources of evaluation in different financial situation of the firms. In the meantime, the major change might be observed in the capital budgeting of the project. However, the invested sum in a project and the benefit from the same might be assessed as positive using the NPV method. Coles, Lemmon and Meschke (2012) saw that managers must conduct different method of appraisal before implementing the project in practice. He also found that NPV method was not correct always as it cannot provide the managers insights of internal rate of return from the cash flow made in the internal years. Therefore, the IRR method provides the managers more comprehensive and precise measurement of the investment appraisal in assessing the investment decision. However, the company may face difficulties because IRR does not take the time value for their calculation and not considered the anticipated cash flows at the time of investment. But the company used IRR with NPV which has taken both the considerations for the calculation. Therefore, user will get fruitful results at the end of the financial year. NPV and IRR, both are presently used in investment appraisal of the future expansion so that the m anagers may make better decision regarding the investment. These two are the tools for the managers to control the cost as well as return associated with the projects during the assessing periods (Roberts and Whited 2012). The analysis from the tables in the appendix showed that Purple Phone Group may make no loss from its joint venture in Germany after four years. Further, the analysis was drawn in to consideration here by using the NPV and IRR method. The analysis was considered by evaluating the investment decision using both the methods as the loopholes in one method could be predicted in another one. The major change happened in measuring the NPV and IRR of the investment decision. Thereby, the assessment of the profit after tax from the return of the project was considered as the inflow from the project. Thereby, the outcome was measured in GBP and Euro in two different calculations. However, the project has undergone a periodic inflation rate in the economy. During the period of four years of the joint venture, the management had evaluated the outcome of the project. However, the cash flow from the project was considered excluding the depreciation of the year while measuring the operating margin . The measurement of the project investment was being conducted through converting the return in to GBP as it was also a part of the European revenue operation of Purple Phone Group. The positive NPV was obtained while considering the European interest rate as the required rate of return. However, the percentage of the UK was 2.5%, which predicted a negative value of the investment after the four years of JV in Germany. However, the current structure of the German subsidiary shows that the weighted average cost of capital may be 10%. This rate might be used in assessing the project as required rate of return of the investment. In this assessment way, the investment proposal was positive for the company to go with the Joint venture in Germany for the next four years. The IRR evaluation of the investment to the project might be observed as 25%. The rate shows a success for the decision of going with the JV for Purple Phone group with EMF AG. However, the nonfinancial assessment of the decision of going with JV in Germany was different. The main reason could be found in evaluating the business environment. The major difference could be observed in the different culture in Germany compare to France or the UK (Flannery and Hankins 2013). Therefore, the management of the company has to deal with the different mentality as well as the regulation in the country while doing the business. Ehrhardt and Brigham (2016) saw that incorporating new business in new region might be difficult for the companies as they could find the obstacles in developing the business in different countries. Further, the difference in managements preview of the business environment might become a constraint for Purple to develop its business in Germany. Thereby, the idea of joint venture with EMF AG might provide the company a chance of developing its business in Germany successfully. The employees of Purple might enhance its knowledge from the skills o f the EMFs employees. Furthermore, the advantages of transformation economic integration, EU memberships continuously provide financial stability and encourage new businesses. The country is having large home countrys market size and high growth prospects due to having huge demand offering scopes for providing financial services to private equity companies in the industrial and commercial property construction. This is one of the main core functionalities which ensure that this joint venture would become a successful commercial venture in the long run. According to the Pestle factors like stable political situations, huge scope of FDI and large market size goes favourable with the JV option. Additionally, the brand value of EMF AG could be used in developing the business in Germany by Purple. It could help the management in spreading its name in the unknown region (Johnson, McLaughlin and Haueter 2015). The Joint venture also provides the companies to form a distinct tactical develo pment in the business. The major changes could be possible in forming JVs for the companies to drive the business in foreign soil. However, the joint venture may not be useful in delivering the fruitful result to the firms due to different viewpoint of business strategies. In this context, the joint venture might provide PurplePhone Group various advantages to develop its business in Germany. 2. If PhurplePhone Group Company wants to consider re-domiciling the France parent company to Monaco, then they might face many operational and strategic challenges to stay in the competition. The operational challenges are like new staff requirements, introduction of new training sessions for the new employees in the organisation, diverse corporate culture within the organisation, requirement for new technological advancements and so on (Roberts and Whited 2012). The company is currently operates a centralised treasury management system in France. For this the company has successfully maintained consolidated exposure and consolidated risk management system across the system situated in France. However, this centralised treasury management system may be disturbed after re-domiciling to Monaco. Furthermore, the company may face high risk tax accounting because the relationship between transfer pricing and an entitys tax and financial reporting system will be disturbed after considerin g re-domiciling. Therefore, the entire strategic approach will be changed due to anticipated changes in the financial reporting. For seamless function after re-domiciling their position, the company needs to follow the following steps: The company should incorporate global employees into the business. New employees can provide better excellence. However, training sessions are essential for new as well as existing employees. Here the company may face diverse cultural problems within the workplace. For this the company needs to plan and incorporate training sessions for the managers or executives to manage the multicultural organisations well. However, the huge costs are associated with these training sessions but it will contribute employees to perform well in the long run (Nesti and Stefanovi 2015). Therefore, the employee retention rate will be higher after considering such strategic change. On the other side, the company needs to create new market position in Monaco. This would be a risk factor for the business. However, PurplePhone Group is in this service industry since long time. Therefore, the operational managers could have taken lesser time for stabilizing the organisational policies and procedures across m ajor business areas of PurplePhone Group. However there are some strategic challenges are involved. The cost of living is moderately low compare to the home destination of the company. An unstable political structure is the challenge while considering re-domiciling the France parent company to Monaco. The other operational challenges are like effective database implementation, changes in business process, effective communication strategy formulation, determination of KPIs and so on. Here in this multinational business environment the company should introduce an integrated system along with central controlling procedures within the organisation. This will help in revenue and monitoring system within all departments and the operational performances will be enhanced. The company needs to take few strategic decisions for make the business operation successful. The company required to set the long term business turnover forecast against likely the condition of market of Monaco. In order to take effective decision for betterment of the business, the stock and sales figure must be evaluated for on the regular basis so that waste control management system can be implemented within the organisation (Vernimmen et al. 2014). In addition, the company needs to take decisions regarding recycling of operational waste within the organisation. For constructional development, the company only considers the private equity companies in Europe. But the company can expand their services by considering the government companies for construction. This will surely encourage more investors into the business. In this way, the multinational corporation may increase more market capitalization in the near future (Waegelein and Finance 2014). After re-domiciling their position, the company needs to plan for international tax procedures. The company needs to make fruitful agreements like Double Taxation Agreements with France and Monaco. The agreements will cover direct taxes, which in the case of Monaco are universal social charge, income tax, corporation tax and capital gain tax. The company may also engage Tax Information Exchange Agreement with all the other subsidiaries of PhurplePhone. This will allow the Revenue Commissioner to request the company can follow information relevant to a tax investigation without necessary of bilateral TIEA. With less local legislation barriers at Monaco, the company can perform freely after the changing position of the parents company from France to Monaco. However, the company may face challenges for handling future transactions, which already made with their suppliers. Here the forecasting of future exchange rate is required to be initiated. The purchasing power parity is perhaps the most suitable forecasting approach. The principle of this proposed method forecasts that the exchange rate shall change to offset price changes due to inflation. Therefore, the inflation differential rate between two countries can be mitigated with this approach. After re-domiciling the position, the company needs to be taken caf of issues regarding foreign investment. Here the company may face problems like the changing viewpoint regarding cash flow or the political and economical risks associated with Monaco. For this, the company needs to initiate multinational capital budgeting after making the strategic change. Presently, Monacos political structure welcomes strategic investments and entry alternatives into the area which will surely encourage the foreign direct investment into the new place of the company. All the above suggestions will surely help in handling operational and strategic challenges, if the business considers repositioning of their business from France to Monaco. 3. PurplePhone Group is operating under the multinational working environment. Decision making plays an important role, especially when such decisions are concerned within proposed business expanse (Johnson, McLaughlin and Haueter 2015). The company needs to explore the diverse business funding options for the proposed expansion across Asia. Common types of financing include bank loans, crowd funding, receiving funds from a venture capitalist or borrowing funds from owners of the business (Piekkari, Welch and Welch 2014). It has already been estimated that 250 million Euros will be needed to fund the proposed expansion over the next five years. In the expansion procedure, the most important factor is determination of sources of fund. Here the company is looking for business expansion in Asian countries like India and China. Here the company should evaluate the future market derivatives option for business finance. In this case, the double pair exchange rate hedging system must be evaluated (Suzuki and Okamuro 2015) The company would need to evaluate two pair of currencies for hedging the market risk. As per the theory of management of risk, PurplePhone Group will find two currency alternatives if they expand their market in Asian countries. The difference of currency rates like INR, Renminbi needs to be evaluated with the home currency of Euro (Macht and Weatherston 2014). However, the fluctuation of rate due to inflation, changes of interest rate, and many other factors are associated with multicurrency dealing (Xu et al. 2015). Furthermore, the political risks associated in countries such as India and China should also be evaluated. This risk can be mitigated by future market hedging. The company can use its working capital as a source of fund. In order to expand the business in the Asian market, the company needs to manage the multinational working capital.Fr improvement of working capital balance the company needs to concentrate more on effective stock management. The accuracy in payment terms can ensure that the company is capable of dealing short-term obligations in different business scenario. This is the most effective source of finance because there is no external risk associated with the working capital management. It is completely depend upon the effective management system of the organisation. If the company can use working capital effectively in the proposed expansion plan, then this could be another option of source of fund. The international financial market is another option for sources of fund of PurplePhone Group. The company can invest in shares and debt market for getting good returns in the short and long run. Capital market is appropriate for long-term investments. Here the company can raise finance through the sale of securities. Equity finance gives the right of the ownership, but the source of fund is risky by nature. Equity shareholders have a residual claim on the income and assets of the company. Due to high risk, the expectation of return by investors from the business is also high. However, invest in share market is another risk option but this can be beneficial for short term as well as long term earnings. Here the company may take the route of Initial Public Offers (IPO) in the primary market for equity financing. The company can raise their finance through the negotiable certificates of deposits, paper of commercials, repurchase agreements and so on. For example, the organisation can r aise finance through by selling commercial papers. Furthermore, contracts bought and sold on the spot market can be another option in case of dealing in the international market. Hybrid financing is another option, which is moderately less risky than equity finance because this has the characteristics of both the equity and debt. The company can expect more revenue from this source of fund. On the other hand, raising finance through debt is another source of fund. By secured borrowing from banks and other financial institutions, the company engage with term loan. Finance support provided by Government and its agencies is another source of fund for the company. Debenture capital issue is another option of fund. This is generally provided by suppliers of plant and machinery, vendor of raw material by deferring the payment. Lastly, there are many miscellaneous sources of fund available in the Asian market which the company can explore after the business expansion. The miscellaneous sou rces of funds are include unsecured loan, public deposits, leasing and higher purchase. To determine the sources of finance for restructuring of the company, there are many factors needs to be examined. Here are the following options needs to be examined: Cost and cash flows: Purplephone Group would seem to have capacity to rates more debt as the non-current assets exceed the existing debt Euro8m. In addition, as it is assumed that the company is not having raised any finance for several years, and it is currently holding Euro 17m non-current assets. Therefore the company will be more benefited by choosing the dept option. Factor of Risk: If the company would chose the restructuring option, material changes may be occurred. Hence, if the company is selecting the debt finance, then it should understand that the shareholders are happy to take those financial risks. Security: As long as the expansion involves investing in some non-current assets there should be enough security available for potential lenders. Therefore, the proposed security needs to be checked before taking investment decision. Availability and maturity: The shareholders would likely to support a right issue or the debt providers would be willing to lend in future for the expansion of the business. In addition, other investors may wish to fund into the business by equity investment. As the company is looking forward for permanent expansion of the company, then long term finance must be raised. To that extent that expansion requires investment in additional working capital, and then the company could raise the short-term finance. Curve of the yield: The director of Purplephone Group should consider the yield curve if it is decided to raise debt. For instance, if the curve is becoming steeper this shows an expectation that that interest rate will rise in future. In that situation, the company may hesitate to borrow additional debt, may prefer to raise fixed rate debt, or may look to hedge the interest risk rate in some way. Control: There are no change would occur to control if debt is issued. A rights issue would also have little impact on control while the share issued by the new investors may cause control issues. Conclusion: The above financial analysis clearly indicates that joint venture is the better option for PurplePhone Group. This option is better because the company can hedge their financial risk after combining their resources with EMF AG. The company would make better decisions regarding the financial crisis like interest risk, inflation risk and so on. After the joint venturing, the company will be benefitted for increase brand recognition with EMF AG. Thus more customers will show their interest into this new formed business. However, the operational control may lose after the joint venture but strategic performances will be enhanced and operational costs will be reduced. References: Brealey, R.A., Myers, S.C., Allen, F. and Mohanty, P., 2012. Principles of corporate finance. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Coles, J.L., Lemmon, M.L. and Meschke, J.F., 2012. Structural models and endogeneity in corporate finance: The link between managerial ownership and corporate performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 103(1), pp.149-168. Ehrhardt, M. and Brigham, E., 2016. Corporate finance: A focused approach. Cengage Learning. Flannery, M.J. and Hankins, K.W., 2013. Estimating dynamic panel models in corporate finance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 19, pp.1-19. Fracassi, C., 2014, October. Corporate finance policies and social networks. In AFA 2011 Denver Meetings Paper. Johnson, C.J., McLaughlin, J. and Haueter, E.S., 2015. Corporate finance and the securities laws. Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Macht, S.A. and Weatherston, J., 2014. The benefits of online crowdfunding for fund seeking business ventures. Strategic Change, 23(1 2), pp.1-14. Nesti, S. and Stefanovi, M., 2015. new service development metric in medium organizations. Center for Quality. Piekkari, R., Welch, D. and Welch, L.S., 2014. Language in international business: The multilingual reality of global business expansion. Edward Elgar Publishing. Roberts, M.R. and Whited, T.M., 2012. Endogeneity in empirical corporate finance. Suzuki, S. and Okamuro, h.i.r.o.y.u.k.i., 2015, May. Determinants of Academic Startup's Orientation toward International Business Expansion. In DRUID 2015 conference proceedings. Vernimmen, P., Quiry, P., Dallocchio, M., Le Fur, Y. and Salvi, A., 2014. Corporate finance: theory and practice. John Wiley Sons. Waegelein, J.F. and Finance, C., 2014. The Influence of Long-Term Performance Plans on Corporate Performance Investment. Xu, X.D., Liu, Z.Y., Wang, J., Li, L. and Song, X., 2015, May. Improved time series business expansion combination forecasting model. In Advances in Future Manufacturing Engineering: Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Future Manufacturing Engineering (ICFME 2014), Hong Kong, December 10-11, 2014 (Vol. 2, p. 103). CRC Press.